Cambourne: Uses 8 conditions to explain language acquisition in children. Instead of a process and set of skills, students are shown how and why they read and delve into the world of English. These conditions are; Immersion, demonstration, use, feedback, approximation, responsibility, expectation and engagement.
Halliday: Explains how a literacy rich environment can have children learn about the language and how the different aspects create words/sentences, learning a language to use as citizens to communicate with their surroundings, learning through language as their vocabulary expands as does their ability to acquire information for multimodal sources and learning language to critique, starting to question what they read and the purpose of the author.
Luke and Freebody: Explain the way children use learn and use language. Their code breaker, text participant, text user and text analyst. They are not taught in sequence but are useful for engagement with English and creating literate students.
Goodman and Goodman: Psycholinguistic/whole language approach explains that a child needs to know the foundations of a language but also to engage with, process the information and construct meaning of the text. Students use their prior and current knowledge to establish this meaning.